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- Ñ& ART, Page 73From Now On, Bring Cash
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- As a huge loan deal comes unraveled, Sotheby's trims its policy
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- Even people who can contemplate dropping, say, $25 million
- on a painting occasionally need a little help. And in recent
- years, as art prices steamed ever higher, Sotheby's, the
- international auction house, has been happy to oblige. When a
- particularly coveted painting came on the block, Sotheby's told
- favored customers that it would loan them up to half of
- whatever they bid and let the painting itself serve as
- collateral. With terms like those, skeptics mused, is it any
- wonder that art prices (and Sotheby's commissions) soared? "The
- auction houses turned the art market into a financial market,"
- charges Manhattan art dealer Richard Feigen. "A responsible
- market doesn't allow you to wear two hats."
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- Last week Sotheby's did not quite remove one hat, but it
- grudgingly hung its head. CEO Michael Ainslie announced that,
- in view of widespread criticism of the practice, the auction
- house will no longer offer loans using the work of art as
- collateral. Sotheby's will, however, continue to make other,
- secured loans. It will also continue "guaranteeing" minimum
- prices to sellers, a practice that many dealers and collectors
- charge makes the auction house in effect an interim buyer and
- compromises its standing as a disinterested agent.
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- "Our concern is that the art market be a credible place,"
- says Ainslie, explaining why he was dropping the loan
- arrangement he had until recently so staunchly defended. If
- anything had cast doubts on the market's credibility, it was
- news that Sotheby's most flagrant loan deal seemed to be coming
- unraveled. As has been rumored for months, the world's most
- expensive painting, Van Gogh's Irises, appears to be headed
- back on the market.
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- It was only two years ago that Sotheby's auctioned Irises
- to Australian plutocrat Alan Bond for a record $53.9 million.
- The timing was critical. Coming as it did one month after the
- 1987 stock-market crash, the sale allowed Sotheby's to claim
- that works of art held their value through financial crises.
- But last October it was revealed that to enable Bond to make
- the purchase, Sotheby's had lent him $27 million. "Whatever the
- arrangement, it helped to raise the inflationary value of that
- particular picture," asserts Christopher Burge, president of
- Sotheby's starchy rival, Christie's. Like most auction houses,
- Christie's helps buyers find financing from banks but will not
- lend money itself; nor does it offer guarantees to sellers.
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- Bond's worldwide brewing, real estate and communications
- empire is now $5.5 billion in debt, and he is trying to fight
- off his creditors in a Melbourne court. Against that backdrop,
- the mere millions that a resale of Irises might bring him is
- small beer. Nonetheless, the pressure on him to liquidate it
- is real, especially since he has not been able to keep up with
- the payments and Sotheby's has had to roll over its loan.
- Reportedly, Irises is not even in Bond's possession but has
- been stashed by Sotheby's in a vault somewhere, perhaps in
- Switzerland. A spokesman for Dallhold Investments, Bond's
- private company, says Bond is not actively trying to sell the
- painting "despite the procession of agents who keep calling."
- The spokesman adds, however, that "anything and everything is
- for sale at a price."
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- Ainslie points out that Sotheby's has made only six such
- loans on artworks worth more than $1 million. It was perception
- more than principle that prompted the auction house to abandon
- the practice. "Six clients don't inflate a market," says
- Ainslie. "Do we regret [the policy]? No. Are we changing
- because of the market's perception? Yes." He rejected any
- suggestion that Sotheby's was worried about losing business.
- "You don't grow from $400 million to nearly $3 billion in
- annual sales within five years if people don't have confidence
- in you," he says. Still, Ainslie concedes that the timing was
- intended to avoid any ruckus before Sotheby's big spring sales
- of impressionist paintings in New York City and London.
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- Whatever the motive, Sotheby's decision brought cheer to the
- art community. "I welcome it," said Manhattan dealer Andre
- Emmerich, "because it will deflate the hyperinflationary
- atmosphere." Though the announcement may help restore buyer
- confidence that bids are not being manipulated, few dealers
- expect that prices will drop. "One way or another, the prices
- are going to go up," says Feigen. "But I'd rather it be natural
- than artificial."
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- Whether the price of Irises will go up remains to be seen.
- By selling it so soon, if he sells it, Bond risks lowering its
- value, since it is in part the elusiveness of great
- masterpieces that gives them their cachet. "It's certainly a
- lovely picture," says Burge wistfully. "I hope we don't lose
- sight of that amidst all the money and the greed."
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- By Nancy Gibbs. Reported by Janice C. Simpson/New York.
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